Another book written by a Dutch journalist who knows Russia well. De Russische kater (Dutch for The Russian Hangover) is arguably the best of the lot I have read this year. I finished this book in two days and thoroughly enjoyed it.
Laura Starink is a journalist who has long worked for the best newspaper in Holland, and incidentally the one that over the years has reported about Russia and the former Soviet republics consistently more often and better than other Dutch newspapers. Starink spent time in the Soviet-Union in the late seventies studying Russian, and over a decade later as the newspaper’s correspondent in Moscow during the era of perestroika and the implosion of the Soviet-Union. In 2007 she returned to Russia trying to find out what happened to the high expectations people had in the late eighties, early nineties and how Russians had managed in the years since then.
The result of this quest is De Russische kater. The book consists of eleven portraits of Russians from different walks of life, some fairly well-known, but mostly unknown, some Starink interviewed in the course of her work, some she has known for some twenty years. Initially it seems that the people depicted are not really representing ‘your average Russian’: they all live and work in Moscow and they all are to a certain extent successful in politics, business, culture, education, TV and other spheres. Taken together, though, the interviews give a good idea of the development of Russia in the last twenty years and of the current state of the country. All interviewees are of what in the West is known as the babyboom generation, born between 1946 and 1966. At first I thought this a bit of a limitation, until I realized that this segment of the population was old enough to consciously experience the late eighties and nineties and that they already had their professional careers underway at this time. I ended up seeing the age of the interviewees not as a negative aspect anymore, because they are probably of the generation that can best compare their experiences before and after the end of the communist era.
The first portrait is of former longtime parliamentarian Vladimir Ryzhkov (link in Russian) and is as much a portrait of him as an introduction to the political situation in Russia over the past twenty years. The second portrait is based on an interview with former prime-minister Yegor Gaydar, who is better known for introducing the shock therapy to Russia, throwing the country into the deep end of capitalism in the early nineties. This shock therapy, the wild capitalism and financial crisis of the nineties obviously return over and over again in the later interviews, so the first two interviews are not only portraits of Gaydar and Ryzhkov, but also in a way an introduction to Russia after communism.
Some of the ther people portrayed are former dissidents and current human rights activists Lyudmila Saraskina and Arseniy Roginskiy (director of Memorial), a scientist who founded and heads one of the view relatively successful science-institutes in the country, TV- and Radio personality Viktor Shenderovich (in Russian; his blog, also in Russian, is here), a history teacher who tries to teach her students to look at texts and other historical sources critically and to ask questions, a lawyer, an architect, and a businessman. Their personal histories and views on the current situation in Russia under Vladimir Putin (the book was published early this year, before the presidential elections in which Putin’s handpicked successor Dimitry Medvedev won as expected) are given plenty of space. Most or the interviewed are critical of Vladimir Putin and the regression of freedom and democracy, but some more so than others.
If you know Dutch and are interested in contemporary Russia, I highly recommend De Russische kater , as it gives a good overview of the Putin-era, going into much more detail than what you get from the mainstream media.
I would love if Starink decided to write a book of a similar setup with portraits of younger Russians in their twenties and thirties to see what their thoughts are and how they have experienced the last twenty years and the current regression in economic and political freedom, freedom of speech and freedom to criticize the authorities, among others. Such a book would have a very different atmosphere, but would not be less interesting.